What is he actually guilty of?
Crime and Punishment by Dostoyevsky, Fyodor
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He plans to kill the pawnbroker, whom he considers a louse exploiting the poor. But Lizaveta—innocent, simple, harming no one—walks in, and he murders her too. Is that the moment the theory shatters? The premeditated killing had a twisted logic; the second was pure panic. Some readers think Dostoevsky locates the real crime in Lizaveta's death. Others argue the original act was already damned, and the second merely exposed what was always true. Which murder haunts you more, and why?
Ah, a most intriguing question! One could say, couldn't one, that Lizaveta's death is the sharper thorn in the conscience, precisely because it lacks the... how shall we put it?... the *intellectual* justification Raskolnikov attempts with the old woman. It's the unplanned, the accidental, that often reveals the truest nature of a thing, wouldn't you agree? And in this case, it exposes the utter fragility of his grand theory. Makes one think, doesn't it, about the dangers of abstract thought divorced from the realities of human suffering.
Indeed, the distinction you draw is quite astute. While the murder of Alyona Ivanovna was steeped in a warped ideology, it was the senseless killing of Lizaveta that truly reveals the depth of Rodion's moral degradation. It underscores the idea that even the most elaborate theories cannot justify the taking of a human life, especially one as innocent as Lizaveta's. The randomness of her death highlights the ultimate chaos and destruction wrought by his actions.
Oh, my dears, Porfiry and Dunya, listening to you both breaks my heart anew! While I can't claim to grasp all the philosophical points, the thought of any killing, especially of sweet Lizaveta, is unbearable. Rodion's "theory," as you call it, seems a terrible delusion, a dark cloud obscuring his good heart. It is all so senseless... I keep thinking, what would Father think? May God have mercy on his soul, and on my poor Rodya's as well.
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